Cairo is the capital of Egypt and the largest city in Africa. With 6.8 million people in the urban center it is also one of the most densely populated cities in the world but once you adapt to this bustling city there will be much to see and do. Cairo was established in the 10th century by the Fatimid dynasty and has remained the cultural and political center of Egypt until today. Cairo has the largest and oldest media industry of the Arab World and the headquarters of the Arab League has been in Cairo for much of its life. It is also home to al-Azhar University, the second oldest in the world, within the influential al-Azhar mosque.
With its placement along the Nile, Cairo is in the vicinity of the fertile regions of ancient Egypt and some of the most iconic historical ruins in the world. Within the city is Old Cairo also known as Coptic Cairo. Here is the famous Babylon Fortress built by the Romans and above one of the gatehouses was built a Coptic church now known as “The Hanging Church” in the 3rd century AD. You can also visit the Coptic museum which details the history of Christianity in Egypt. This era ended with the general Amr Ibn Al-Ase who conquered Egypt for Islam. It is recorded that Misr Al-Fustat, translating to “the City of the Tents” and the predecessor to Cairo, was established here when the general found two doves nesting in his war tent and, rather than disturb them, he left the tent standing. There are still some of the ruins of Fustat which was burned in 1168 to prevent crusaders from ransacking it.
The history of Egypt can also be explored in the Egyptian Museum which holds the most important collection of Egyptian artefacts. The Islamic history of Cairo can be seen in the Ibn Tulun, the oldest and one of the most beautiful mosques in Cairo, and the Citadel, part of enormous medieval fortifications built to keep out the Crusaders. While there you should visit the recently constructed Al-Azhar Park which overlooks the Citadel and provides a modern version of the traditional Islamic gardens. While there are not many parks for a city of its size, Cairo has the famed Giza Zoo which was built in 1891 making it one of the oldest zoos in the world. There is also the Al Orman Gardens nearby, which is quite popular with the locals, and the unusual El Hadiqa El Dawliya, meaning The International Garden. Here small replicas of some of the most famous pieces of world architecture are available to view.
Cairo is also only 10 km away from some of the most famous architecture of antiquity. The Pyramids of Giza and the Sphinx are the only surviving monuments of the Ancient Wonders of the World. Also nearby is the ancient city of Memphis with the ruins of the Great Temple of Ptah and other sites. With the most visited tourist destinations in all of Egypt at your doorstep and a thriving city to explore, learning Arabic in Cairo could easily be the experience of a lifetime!